A ganglion cyst is one of the most common tumours found in the wrist. The lesion is benign and is caused by a leakage of synovial fluid through the joint capsule. This leads to a swelling on the top side or palm side of the wrist.

Ganglion cyst: diagnosis and symptoms

In most cases, these cysts are painless. Their size can fluctuate over time and depending on physical activity. If they are large and not treated medically, wrist cysts can deform the hand.

In general, no additional examination is necessary and the diagnosis is made after a simple clinical examination. A scan of the wrist can be used to confirm the clinical diagnosis.

If the cyst on the wrist is painless, therapy isn’t required, unless the patient asks for treatment from an aesthetic point of view.

Ganglion cyst: treatment and progression

Medical treatment

Aspiration of the cyst is rarely suggested as the recurrence rate is 100 %.

Surgery

Surgery to remove the cyst is performed under locoregional anaesthesia. A small incision is made close to the cyst. The patient can move the wrist shortly after the operation, which prevents the need for post-operative rehabilitation. The recurrence rate is 15 to 20 %.